Changes in Honeybee Behavior Parameters under the Influence of the E-Field at 50 Hz and Variable Intensity

2021 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 1230

Honeybees exposed to a 50 Hz electric field at varying intensities showed time-dependent behavioral changes. Exposure for 3 h decreased time spent on behaviors and the number of occurrences, while after 6 h these parameters increased within groups, similar to…

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2021

Study typeanimal

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Changes in Honeybee Behavior Parameters under the Influence of the E-Field at 50 Hz and Variable Intensity Paweł Migdał, Agnieszka Murawska, Paweł Bieńkowski, Ewelina Berbeć, Adam Roman. Changes in Honeybee Behavior Parameters under the Influence of the E-Field at 50 Hz and Variable Intensity. Animals (Basel). 2021 Jan 20;11(2):E247. doi: 10.3390/ani11020247. Abstract EM-fields come from both natural and anthropogenic sources. This study aimed to investigate changes in honeybee behavior parameters under the influence of an electric field at 50 Hz and variable intensity. Bees were exposed for 1 h, 3 h, or 6 h to the following artificial E-field intensities: 5.0 kV/m, 11.5 kV/m, 23.0 kV/m, or 34.5 kV/m. Bees in the control group were under the influence of an E-field <2.0 kV/m. Six basic behaviors were selected for bee observation (walking, grooming, flight, stillness, contact between individuals, and wing movement). Our research shows the impact of bee exposure time on behavioral change within groups. Exposure for 3 h caused a decrease in the time that bees spent on behaviors and in the number of occurrences. After 6 h, the parameters increased within the groups, as was the case with 1 h exposure. This may indicate that there is a behavioral barrier that allows the pattern to normalize for some time. Open access paper: mdpi.com

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionmixed

PopulationHoneybees

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF · 1 h, 3 h, or 6 h

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Behavior parameters: walking
Behavior parameters: grooming
Behavior parameters: flight
Behavior parameters: stillness
Behavior parameters: contact between individuals
Behavior parameters: wing movement
Time spent on behaviors
Number of occurrences of behaviors

Limitations

Sample size not stated in abstract
No quantitative effect sizes or statistical details provided in abstract
Exposure setting described generally; broader environmental relevance not detailed in abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": "artificial electric field (E-field)",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "1 h, 3 h, or 6 h"
  },
  "population": "Honeybees",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Behavior parameters: walking",
    "Behavior parameters: grooming",
    "Behavior parameters: flight",
    "Behavior parameters: stillness",
    "Behavior parameters: contact between individuals",
    "Behavior parameters: wing movement",
    "Time spent on behaviors",
    "Number of occurrences of behaviors"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Honeybees exposed to a 50 Hz electric field at varying intensities showed time-dependent behavioral changes. Exposure for 3 h decreased time spent on behaviors and the number of occurrences, while after 6 h these parameters increased within groups, similar to 1 h exposure.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not stated in abstract",
    "No quantitative effect sizes or statistical details provided in abstract",
    "Exposure setting described generally; broader environmental relevance not detailed in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "honeybee",
    "behavior",
    "electric field",
    "E-field",
    "50 Hz",
    "ELF",
    "exposure duration",
    "field intensity",
    "kV/m"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "occupational-exposure",
      "weight": 0.25,
      "reason": "Study involves controlled exposure to a 50 Hz electric field (ELF), relevant to power-frequency E-field exposure contexts."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.3390/ani11020247
PubMed: Not supplied

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