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Effects of Artificial Electromagnetic Fields on Bees: A Global Review

2023 · Unclear · Insufficient evidence

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UnclearInsufficient evidencePaper 476

The authors reviewed 36 studies (1968–2022) on artificial electromagnetic fields and bees, reporting increased research activity (notably since 2019) and noting that studying EMF effects on bees helps understand impacts on bee metabolism and viability.

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2023
Study typereview
Reported directionUnclear
Evidence ratingInsufficient

Abstract

Effects of Artificial Electromagnetic Fields on Bees: A Global Review Reategui-Inga M, Rojas EM, Tineo D, Araníbar-Araníbar MJ, Valdiviezo WA, Escalante CA, Ruiz Castre SJ. Effects of Artificial Electromagnetic Fields on Bees: A Global Review. Pak J Biol Sci. 2023 Jan;26(1):23-32. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2023.23.32. Abstract Background and Objective: Electromagnetic fields coming from electric and electronic devices, mobile telephony antennas, or electrical installations are continuously growing and are in direct relation with population growth. In that sense, the purpose of this investigation was to determine what are the effects of artificial electromagnetic fields on the behavior and viability of bees through a global perspective (1968-2022). Materials and Methods: The methodology used in this research consisted of the review of literature obtained from platforms such as Scopus, EBSCO, IEEE, Wiley, Google Scholar and Taylor & Francis. Results: It was possible to review 36 studies on the field and to state that investigations on this topic have increased in 2019, at a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.86% (in a period of 54 years). Poland and USA are the leading countries in the number and importance of investigations on this topic. Keywords were grouped on the basis of the advancement of the research (honeybee, animals, Apis mellifera; and apoideos). Conclusion: The study of the effects of electromagnetic fields on bees makes it possible to understand its impact on the metabolism and viability of bees. Open access paper: scialert.net

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typereview
Effect directionunclear
PopulationBees (including honeybee/Apis mellifera)
Sample size36
Exposure1968-2022 (literature reviewed)
Evidence strengthInsufficientConfidence: 66% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

The authors reviewed 36 studies (1968–2022) on artificial electromagnetic fields and bees, reporting increased research activity (notably since 2019) and noting that studying EMF effects on bees helps understand impacts on bee metabolism and viability.

Outcomes measured

  • behavior
  • viability
  • metabolism

Limitations

  • No specific EMF frequencies, exposure levels, or quantitative effect estimates are provided in the abstract.
  • The abstract does not describe study selection criteria, quality assessment, or synthesis methods beyond database sources.
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "review",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": "electric and electronic devices; mobile telephony antennas; electrical installations",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "1968-2022 (literature reviewed)"
  },
  "population": "Bees (including honeybee/Apis mellifera)",
  "sample_size": 36,
  "outcomes": [
    "behavior",
    "viability",
    "metabolism"
  ],
  "main_findings": "The authors reviewed 36 studies (1968–2022) on artificial electromagnetic fields and bees, reporting increased research activity (notably since 2019) and noting that studying EMF effects on bees helps understand impacts on bee metabolism and viability.",
  "effect_direction": "unclear",
  "limitations": [
    "No specific EMF frequencies, exposure levels, or quantitative effect estimates are provided in the abstract.",
    "The abstract does not describe study selection criteria, quality assessment, or synthesis methods beyond database sources."
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.66,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "bees",
    "honeybee",
    "Apis mellifera",
    "artificial electromagnetic fields",
    "mobile telephony antennas",
    "electrical installations",
    "behavior",
    "viability",
    "metabolism",
    "global review"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "wildlife-pollinators",
      "weight": 0.9,
      "reason": "Focuses on effects of artificial electromagnetic fields on bees (pollinators), including behavior and viability."
    }
  ]
}
AI can be wrong. Always verify against the paper.

AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2023.23.32
PubMed: Not supplied

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