Impact of GSM-EMW exposure on the markers of oxidative stress in fetal rat liver

2023 · Harm · Low evidence

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HarmLow evidencePaper 1100

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2023

Study typeanimal

Reported directionHarm

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Impact of GSM-EMW exposure on the markers of oxidative stress in fetal rat liver Salameh M, Zeitoun-Ghandou S, Sabra L. et al. Impact of GSM-EMW exposure on the markers of oxidative stress in fetal rat liver. Sci Rep 13, 17806 (2023). doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-44814-z. Abstract The current study investigated the effects of 24 h/day prenatal exposure to global system for mobile communication electromagnetic fields (GSM-EMFs), 900 MHZ-induced electromagnetic radiation (EMR), on oxidative stress (OS) status, apoptotic, and inflammatory changes in liver of rats during their fetal development period. Fifty-two Sprague–Dawley pregnant rats were equally divided into control and exposed groups. Whole embryos were removed at 7.5 dpc (days post coitus), while liver tissues were extracted from embryos at 11.5, 15.5, and 19.5 dpc. For exposed animals, results showed an increased OS reflected by high levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a decrease in cytosolic superoxide dismutase (cytoSOD) activity, in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (mitoSOD) levels and catalase (CAT) mRNA expression but also in hepatic nuclear factor erythroïd 2-related Factor 2 (Nrf-2), protein kinase B (Akt1), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA expression at 15.5 dpc. Moreover, GSM-EMR exposure was shown to significantly decrease mitoSOD and CAT activities at almost all studied ages. Thus, rat embryos may be protected by their mothers from OS, apoptotic, and pro-inflammatory responses till a sensitive developmental stage, during a continuous prenatal EMR exposure. This protection could be then created from the embryos themselves. Open access paper: nature.com

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionharm

PopulationSprague–Dawley pregnant rats and their embryos/fetuses (fetal liver)

Sample size52

ExposureRF · 900 MHz · 24 h/day prenatal exposure; assessed at 7.5, 11.5, 15.5, and 19.5 days post coitus (dpc)

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

In exposed animals, prenatal 900 MHz GSM-EMR was associated with increased oxidative stress (higher MDA) and decreases in antioxidant-related measures including cytoSOD activity, mitoSOD levels, and CAT mRNA expression, with additional decreases in Nrf-2, Akt1, and ICAM-1 mRNA expression at 15.5 dpc. GSM-EMR exposure significantly decreased mitoSOD and CAT activities at almost all studied ages.

Outcomes measured

Oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, MDA)
Antioxidant enzymes/markers (cytosolic SOD activity, mitochondrial SOD levels/activity, catalase (CAT) mRNA expression/activity)
Gene expression: Nrf-2 mRNA
Gene expression: Akt1 mRNA
Gene expression: ICAM-1 mRNA
Apoptotic changes (mentioned)
Inflammatory changes (mentioned)

Limitations

Specific exposure metrics (e.g., SAR) not reported in the abstract
Details of exposure setup/dosimetry not provided in the abstract
Outcomes for apoptotic and inflammatory changes are referenced but not quantitatively described in the abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "mobile phone (GSM)",
    "frequency_mhz": 900,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "24 h/day prenatal exposure; assessed at 7.5, 11.5, 15.5, and 19.5 days post coitus (dpc)"
  },
  "population": "Sprague–Dawley pregnant rats and their embryos/fetuses (fetal liver)",
  "sample_size": 52,
  "outcomes": [
    "Oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, MDA)",
    "Antioxidant enzymes/markers (cytosolic SOD activity, mitochondrial SOD levels/activity, catalase (CAT) mRNA expression/activity)",
    "Gene expression: Nrf-2 mRNA",
    "Gene expression: Akt1 mRNA",
    "Gene expression: ICAM-1 mRNA",
    "Apoptotic changes (mentioned)",
    "Inflammatory changes (mentioned)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "In exposed animals, prenatal 900 MHz GSM-EMR was associated with increased oxidative stress (higher MDA) and decreases in antioxidant-related measures including cytoSOD activity, mitoSOD levels, and CAT mRNA expression, with additional decreases in Nrf-2, Akt1, and ICAM-1 mRNA expression at 15.5 dpc. GSM-EMR exposure significantly decreased mitoSOD and CAT activities at almost all studied ages.",
  "effect_direction": "harm",
  "limitations": [
    "Specific exposure metrics (e.g., SAR) not reported in the abstract",
    "Details of exposure setup/dosimetry not provided in the abstract",
    "Outcomes for apoptotic and inflammatory changes are referenced but not quantitatively described in the abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "GSM",
    "900 MHz",
    "electromagnetic fields",
    "EMR",
    "prenatal exposure",
    "fetal development",
    "rat",
    "liver",
    "oxidative stress",
    "MDA",
    "SOD",
    "catalase",
    "Nrf-2",
    "Akt1",
    "ICAM-1"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "rf-animal-studies",
      "weight": 0.9,
      "reason": "Animal study of prenatal RF (900 MHz GSM) exposure with biochemical outcomes."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44814-z
PubMed: Not supplied

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