5G Electromagnetic Radiation Attenuates Skin Melanogenesis In Vitro by Suppressing ROS Generation

2022 · Benefit · Low evidence

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BenefitLow evidencePaper 730

In murine melanoma cells (B16F10) and a 3D pigmented human epidermis model (MelanoDerm™), 28 GHz 5G EMR exposure attenuated α-MSH-induced melanin synthesis/pigmentation and reduced dendritic formation. 5G EMR also suppressed α-MSH-induced upregulation of mela…

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2022

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionBenefit

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

5G Electromagnetic Radiation Attenuates Skin Melanogenesis In Vitro by Suppressing ROS Generation Kim K, Lee YS, Kim N, Choi H-D, Lim K-M. 5G Electromagnetic Radiation Attenuates Skin Melanogenesis In Vitro by Suppressing ROS Generation. Antioxidants. 2022; 11(8):1449. doi.org Abstract Recently, the impacts of 5G electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with 28 GHz on human health have been attracting public attention with the advent of 5G wireless communication. Here, we report that 5G (28 GHz) EMR can attenuate the skin pigmentation in murine melanoma cells (B16F10) and a 3D pigmented human epidermis model (Melanoderm™). B16 cells were exposed to 5G (28 GHz) with or without α-MSH for 4 h per day. Interestingly, 5G attenuated α-MSH-induced melanin synthesis. Fontana–Masson staining confirmed that the dendritic formation of α-MSH stimulated B16 cells was diminished by 5G exposure. To confirm the anti- melanogenic effect of 5G EMR, MelanoDerm™ was irradiated with 5G at a power intensity of 10 W/m2 for 4 h a day for 16 days and melanin distribution was detected with Fontana–Masson staining, which supported the anti- melanogenic effect of 5G EMR. Consistently, 5G EMR suppressed α-MSH induced upregulation of melanogenic enzymes; tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2. Of note, 5G EMR attenuated ROS production stimulated by α-MSH and H2O2, suggesting that 5G EMR may dissipate ROS generation, which is pivotal for the melanin synthesis. Collectively, we demonstrated that 5G EMR can attenuate skin pigmentation by attenuating ROS generation. Open access paper: mdpi.com

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionbenefit

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposuremmWave · 28000 MHz · 4 h per day (B16F10; with/without α-MSH); 4 h per day for 16 days (MelanoDerm™)

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

melanin synthesis/skin pigmentation
dendritic formation (melanocyte morphology)
melanin distribution (Fontana–Masson staining)
melanogenic enzyme expression (tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2)
ROS production (stimulated by α-MSH and H2O2)

Limitations

In vitro models (murine melanoma cells and a 3D human epidermis model); no in vivo or clinical outcomes reported
Sample size not reported in the abstract
SAR not reported; exposure described by frequency and (for MelanoDerm™) power intensity only

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "mmWave",
    "source": "5G",
    "frequency_mhz": 28000,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "4 h per day (B16F10; with/without α-MSH); 4 h per day for 16 days (MelanoDerm™)"
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "melanin synthesis/skin pigmentation",
    "dendritic formation (melanocyte morphology)",
    "melanin distribution (Fontana–Masson staining)",
    "melanogenic enzyme expression (tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2)",
    "ROS production (stimulated by α-MSH and H2O2)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "In murine melanoma cells (B16F10) and a 3D pigmented human epidermis model (MelanoDerm™), 28 GHz 5G EMR exposure attenuated α-MSH-induced melanin synthesis/pigmentation and reduced dendritic formation. 5G EMR also suppressed α-MSH-induced upregulation of melanogenic enzymes (tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2) and attenuated ROS production stimulated by α-MSH and H2O2.",
  "effect_direction": "benefit",
  "limitations": [
    "In vitro models (murine melanoma cells and a 3D human epidermis model); no in vivo or clinical outcomes reported",
    "Sample size not reported in the abstract",
    "SAR not reported; exposure described by frequency and (for MelanoDerm™) power intensity only"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "5G",
    "28 GHz",
    "mmWave",
    "electromagnetic radiation",
    "B16F10",
    "MelanoDerm",
    "melanogenesis",
    "melanin",
    "α-MSH",
    "ROS",
    "tyrosinase",
    "TRP-1",
    "TRP-2",
    "Fontana–Masson staining"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "5g-policy",
      "weight": 0.35,
      "reason": "Study explicitly investigates 5G (28 GHz) electromagnetic radiation effects."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081449
PubMed: Not supplied

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