Molecular Biological Effects of Weak Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields: Frequency-Amplitude Efficiency Windows and Possible Mechanisms

2023 · Unclear · Insufficient evidence

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UnclearInsufficient evidencePaper 431

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2023

Study typereview

Reported directionUnclear

Evidence ratingInsufficient

Abstract

Molecular Biological Effects of Weak Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields: Frequency-Amplitude Efficiency Windows and Possible Mechanisms Krylov VV, Osipova EA. Molecular Biological Effects of Weak Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields: Frequency- Amplitude Efficiency Windows and Possible Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 1;24(13):10989. doi: 10.3390/ijms241310989. Abstract This review covers the phenomenon of resonance-like responses of biological systems to low-frequency magnetic fields (LFMF). The historical development of this branch of magnetobiology, including the most notable biophysical models that explain the resonance-like responses of biological systems to LFMF with a specific frequency and amplitude, is given. Two groups can be distinguished among these models: one considers ion-cofactors of proteins as the primary targets for the LFMF influence, and the other regards the magnetic moments of particles in biomolecules. Attention is paid to the dependence of resonance-like LFMF effects on the cell type. A radical-pair mechanism of the magnetic field's influence on biochemical processes is described with the example of cryptochrome. Conditions for this mechanism's applicability to explain the biological effects of LFMF are given. A model of the influence of LFMF on radical pairs in biochemical oscillators, which can explain the frequency-amplitude efficiency windows of LFMF, is proposed. Open access paper: mdpi.com

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typereview

Effect directionunclear

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF

Evidence strengthInsufficientConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

This review summarizes resonance-like responses of biological systems to low-frequency magnetic fields, emphasizing frequency-amplitude efficiency windows and cell-type dependence. It describes and contrasts biophysical models (including ion-cofactor and magnetic-moment targets) and discusses the radical-pair mechanism (with cryptochrome as an example), including conditions for applicability, and proposes a model involving radical pairs in biochemical oscillators to explain frequency-amplitude efficiency windows.

Outcomes measured

Resonance-like biological responses to low-frequency magnetic fields (frequency-amplitude efficiency windows)
Proposed/outlined biophysical mechanisms (ion-cofactor targets; magnetic moments in biomolecules; radical-pair mechanism involving cryptochrome; radical pairs in biochemical oscillators)
Cell-type dependence of resonance-like LFMF effects

Limitations

Narrative review; no specific study selection methods, quantitative synthesis, or effect estimates are described in the abstract.
No specific exposure parameters (frequencies, amplitudes) or biological endpoints are quantified in the abstract.

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "review",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Resonance-like biological responses to low-frequency magnetic fields (frequency-amplitude efficiency windows)",
    "Proposed/outlined biophysical mechanisms (ion-cofactor targets; magnetic moments in biomolecules; radical-pair mechanism involving cryptochrome; radical pairs in biochemical oscillators)",
    "Cell-type dependence of resonance-like LFMF effects"
  ],
  "main_findings": "This review summarizes resonance-like responses of biological systems to low-frequency magnetic fields, emphasizing frequency-amplitude efficiency windows and cell-type dependence. It describes and contrasts biophysical models (including ion-cofactor and magnetic-moment targets) and discusses the radical-pair mechanism (with cryptochrome as an example), including conditions for applicability, and proposes a model involving radical pairs in biochemical oscillators to explain frequency-amplitude efficiency windows.",
  "effect_direction": "unclear",
  "limitations": [
    "Narrative review; no specific study selection methods, quantitative synthesis, or effect estimates are described in the abstract.",
    "No specific exposure parameters (frequencies, amplitudes) or biological endpoints are quantified in the abstract."
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "low-frequency magnetic fields",
    "LFMF",
    "ELF magnetic fields",
    "magnetobiology",
    "resonance-like responses",
    "frequency-amplitude efficiency windows",
    "radical-pair mechanism",
    "cryptochrome",
    "biophysical models",
    "ion cofactors",
    "magnetic moments",
    "biochemical oscillators"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "who-icnirp",
      "weight": 0.2,
      "reason": "General mechanistic review on low-frequency magnetic fields; could be relevant to exposure guideline discussions, but no policy content is stated in the abstract."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310989
PubMed: Not supplied

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