Nerve cell damage in mammalian brain after exposure to microwaves from GSM mobile phones

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "microwave",
    "source": "mobile phone",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "2 hr"
  },
  "population": "Rats",
  "sample_size": 24,
  "outcomes": [
    "Blood-brain barrier leakage (albumin)",
    "Neuronal damage in brain regions (cortex, hippocampus, basal ganglia)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Three groups of eight rats were exposed for 2 hr to GSM mobile phone electromagnetic fields of different strengths. The study reports highly significant evidence (p < 0.002) for neuronal damage in the cortex, hippocampus, and basal ganglia in exposed rats.",
  "effect_direction": "harm",
  "limitations": [
    "Frequency not reported in abstract",
    "SAR/exposure levels not reported in abstract",
    "Outcome assessment methods not described in abstract",
    "Details of control/sham exposure not described in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "GSM",
    "mobile phone",
    "microwaves",
    "radio-frequency electromagnetic fields",
    "rats",
    "blood-brain barrier",
    "albumin leakage",
    "neuronal damage",
    "cortex",
    "hippocampus",
    "basal ganglia"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "mobile-phones-rf",
      "weight": 0.9,
      "reason": "Animal study of GSM mobile phone RF/microwave exposure and brain outcomes."
    }
  ]
}