Ouabain inhibition of kidney ATPase is altered by 9.14 GHz radiation.

Bioelectromagnetics · 1991 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 6275

Study snapshot

PublicationBioelectromagnetics · 1991

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

At each of several stabilized temperatures between 7.0 and 43.8 degrees C, increases in dog-kidney, Na(+)-, K(+)-ATPase catalytic activity were usually observed in association with exposure for 5 min to 9.14 GHz CW microwave radiation in a thin tubular reactor. However, at 24.9 degrees C, a 23% decrease occurred. Comparisons of activity of ouabain-inhibited reactions revealed that the efficacy of the cardiac glycoside as an inhibitor of ATPase activity was severely diminished by the microwave field. The ouabain-site control mechanism may be a specific microwave target at this exposure frequency. Experimental results can be interpreted in terms of molecular structural changes or direct energy input. The estimated SAR of energy that was incident on preparations is 20 W/kg.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionmixed

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

Exposuremicrowave · 9140 MHz · 20 W/kg · 5 min

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Across several stabilized temperatures (7.0–43.8 °C), exposure for 5 min to 9.14 GHz continuous-wave microwave radiation was usually associated with increased dog-kidney Na(+), K(+)-ATPase catalytic activity, but at 24.9 °C a 23% decrease was observed. In ouabain-inhibited reactions, the efficacy of ouabain as an inhibitor was reported to be severely diminished by the microwave field.

Outcomes measured

Na(+), K(+)-ATPase catalytic activity
Ouabain inhibition efficacy of ATPase activity

Limitations

Sample size not reported in abstract.
In vitro enzyme/preparation study; generalizability to in vivo outcomes not addressed in abstract.
Temperature-dependent effects noted; mechanism not directly established in abstract.

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "microwave",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 9140,
    "sar_wkg": 20,
    "duration": "5 min"
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Na(+), K(+)-ATPase catalytic activity",
    "Ouabain inhibition efficacy of ATPase activity"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Across several stabilized temperatures (7.0–43.8 °C), exposure for 5 min to 9.14 GHz continuous-wave microwave radiation was usually associated with increased dog-kidney Na(+), K(+)-ATPase catalytic activity, but at 24.9 °C a 23% decrease was observed. In ouabain-inhibited reactions, the efficacy of ouabain as an inhibitor was reported to be severely diminished by the microwave field.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in abstract.",
    "In vitro enzyme/preparation study; generalizability to in vivo outcomes not addressed in abstract.",
    "Temperature-dependent effects noted; mechanism not directly established in abstract."
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "9.14 GHz",
    "microwave radiation",
    "continuous wave",
    "SAR 20 W/kg",
    "dog kidney",
    "Na(+), K(+)-ATPase",
    "ouabain",
    "enzyme activity",
    "temperature dependence"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250120302
PubMed: 1649605

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