Cell surface changes during electromagnetic field exposure.

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": "other",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Fibroblasts from 5 1/2-day-old chick embryos",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Cell morphology changes (rounding, bipolar shape, cylindrical profile, elongation orientation)",
    "Cell migration direction (toward cathode)",
    "Cell surface changes (filopodia formation, sheet-like contacts, focal contacts, process retraction)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Chick embryo fibroblasts exposed to a constant electromagnetic field of 10 V/cm underwent sequential morphological changes, including elongation perpendicular to the field and migration toward the cathode. These changes were associated with cell surface alterations, including filopodia and sheet-like contacts on the cathodic surface and retraction of processes with focal contacts on the anodic surface.",
  "effect_direction": "unclear",
  "limitations": [
    "Frequency and other physical characteristics of the electromagnetic field are not specified beyond 10 V/cm.",
    "Exposure duration is not reported in the abstract.",
    "No sample size or quantitative/statistical results are provided in the abstract.",
    "In vitro chick embryo fibroblast model; generalizability to in vivo or human outcomes is not addressed in the abstract."
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "very_low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "electromagnetic field",
    "10 V/cm",
    "chick embryo",
    "fibroblasts",
    "cell morphology",
    "cell migration",
    "cell surface",
    "filopodia",
    "focal contacts",
    "cathode",
    "anode"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}