RF Safe

Test of a trust and confidence model in the applied context of electromagnetic field (EMF) risks.

Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2003 · Unclear · Low evidence

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UnclearLow evidencePaper 5268

Using structural equation modeling in a random sample of 1,313 Swiss citizens, a dual-mode model treating trust and confidence as separate (but potentially interacting) constructs fit the data well after minor modifications. In the EMF risk context, both trus…

Study snapshot

PublicationRisk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2003
Study typecross_sectional
Reported directionUnclear
Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Trust is an important factor in risk management. There is little agreement among researchers, however, on how trust in risk management should be studied. Based on a comprehensive review of the trust literature a "dual-mode model of social trust and confidence" is proposed. Trust and confidence are separate but, under some circumstances, interacting sources of cooperation. Trust is based on value similarity, and confidence is based on performance. According to our model, judging similarity between an observer's currently active values and the values attributed to others determines social trust. Thus, the basis for trust is a judgment that the person to be trusted would act as the trusting person would. Interpretation of the other's performance influences confidence. Both social trust and confidence have an impact on people's willingness to cooperate (e.g., accept electromagnetic fields or EMF in the neighborhood). The postulated model was tested in the applied context of EMF risks. Structural equation modeling procedures and data from a random sample of 1,313 Swiss citizens between 18 and 74 years old were used. Results indicated that after minor modifications the model explained the data very well. In the applied context of EMF risks, both trust and confidence had an impact on cooperation. Results suggest that the dual-mode model of social trust and confidence could be used as a common framework in the field of trust and risk management. Practical implications of the results are discussed.

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typecross_sectional
Effect directionunclear
PopulationRandom sample of Swiss citizens aged 18–74 years
Sample size1313
ExposureNot supplied
Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Using structural equation modeling in a random sample of 1,313 Swiss citizens, a dual-mode model treating trust and confidence as separate (but potentially interacting) constructs fit the data well after minor modifications. In the EMF risk context, both trust and confidence were associated with willingness to cooperate (e.g., accept EMF in the neighborhood).

Outcomes measured

  • Social trust
  • Confidence
  • Willingness to cooperate/accept EMF in the neighborhood
  • Model fit (structural equation modeling)
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "cross_sectional",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Random sample of Swiss citizens aged 18–74 years",
  "sample_size": 1313,
  "outcomes": [
    "Social trust",
    "Confidence",
    "Willingness to cooperate/accept EMF in the neighborhood",
    "Model fit (structural equation modeling)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Using structural equation modeling in a random sample of 1,313 Swiss citizens, a dual-mode model treating trust and confidence as separate (but potentially interacting) constructs fit the data well after minor modifications. In the EMF risk context, both trust and confidence were associated with willingness to cooperate (e.g., accept EMF in the neighborhood).",
  "effect_direction": "unclear",
  "limitations": [],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "trust",
    "confidence",
    "risk management",
    "electromagnetic fields",
    "EMF risks",
    "structural equation modeling",
    "Switzerland",
    "public acceptance",
    "cooperation"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}
AI can be wrong. Always verify against the paper.

AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1111/1539-6924.00349
PubMed: 12926564

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