Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field sensitizes cisplatin-resistant human ovarian adenocarcinoma cells via P53 activation.

Cytotechnology · 2016 · Benefit · Low evidence

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BenefitLow evidencePaper 4748

Study snapshot

PublicationCytotechnology · 2016

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionBenefit

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

In the following study, extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (EL-EMF) radiation was used to restore sensitivity in the cisplatin-resistant A2780 ovarian cancer cells. For this purpose A2780 cells were treated with different doses of cisplatin and EL-EMF (50 Hz, 200 gauss, and 2 h) alone. Cytotoxicity was the measurement using MTT assay. After calculating IC50 for cisplatin (90 µg/ml) a lower concentration from IC50 (30 and 60 µg/ml) was used to be combined with EL-EMF. We compare the effects of each cisplatin, EL-EMF and combination groups using acridine orange-propidium iodide (AO/PI) and DAPI staining, caspase 3/9 activation assay and Annexin/PI assay. We also assessed changes in P53 and Matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMPs) gene expression with semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results indicated an EL-EMF-dependent proliferative decrease which was found <10 %, and occurred independently of cisplatin. The decreased proliferation rate for 30 and 60 µg/ml cisplatin was about 20 and 40 %, respectively, while for synergistic groups 30 and 60 µg/ml cisplatin with 2 h EL-EMF exposer, showed 47 and 71 % decrease in viability in rats. DAPI staining indicated that chromatin break down significantly increased in synergistic groups. Acridine orange staining also confirmed MTT assay results. Caspase activity significantly increased in the combined groups. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that in synergistic groups of cisplatin and EL-EMF, expression of P53 was increased but the expression level of MPP-2 gene decreased. Results from this study showed that changes generated by the non-invasive EL-EMF can make resistant cells sensitive to cisplatin.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionbenefit

PopulationCisplatin-resistant human ovarian adenocarcinoma A2780 cells (cell line)

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF · 5e-05 MHz · 2 h

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

EL-EMF exposure (50 Hz, 200 gauss, 2 h) alone was associated with a <10% decrease in proliferation. Combining EL-EMF with cisplatin (30 or 60 µg/ml) produced larger decreases in viability than cisplatin alone (reported as 47% and 71% decreases for combination vs ~20% and ~40% for cisplatin alone), with increased chromatin breakdown, increased caspase activity, increased P53 expression, and decreased MMP-2 expression in the combined groups.

Outcomes measured

Cell viability/cytotoxicity (MTT assay)
Apoptosis/necrosis (AO/PI, DAPI staining, Annexin/PI assay)
Caspase 3/9 activity
Gene expression: P53
Gene expression: MMP-2

Limitations

In vitro cell-line study; findings may not translate to clinical outcomes
Sample size and replication details not provided in abstract
Exposure metric reported as 200 gauss; dosimetry/SAR not reported
Some reporting is unclear (e.g., 'decrease in viability in rats' despite cell culture context)

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 5e-05,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "2 h"
  },
  "population": "Cisplatin-resistant human ovarian adenocarcinoma A2780 cells (cell line)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Cell viability/cytotoxicity (MTT assay)",
    "Apoptosis/necrosis (AO/PI, DAPI staining, Annexin/PI assay)",
    "Caspase 3/9 activity",
    "Gene expression: P53",
    "Gene expression: MMP-2"
  ],
  "main_findings": "EL-EMF exposure (50 Hz, 200 gauss, 2 h) alone was associated with a <10% decrease in proliferation. Combining EL-EMF with cisplatin (30 or 60 µg/ml) produced larger decreases in viability than cisplatin alone (reported as 47% and 71% decreases for combination vs ~20% and ~40% for cisplatin alone), with increased chromatin breakdown, increased caspase activity, increased P53 expression, and decreased MMP-2 expression in the combined groups.",
  "effect_direction": "benefit",
  "limitations": [
    "In vitro cell-line study; findings may not translate to clinical outcomes",
    "Sample size and replication details not provided in abstract",
    "Exposure metric reported as 200 gauss; dosimetry/SAR not reported",
    "Some reporting is unclear (e.g., 'decrease in viability in rats' despite cell culture context)"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "extremely low frequency",
    "ELF-EMF",
    "50 Hz",
    "200 gauss",
    "cisplatin resistance",
    "A2780",
    "ovarian cancer",
    "P53",
    "MMP-2",
    "apoptosis",
    "caspase 3",
    "caspase 9"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1007/s10616-015-9900-y
PubMed: 26370097

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