[Effects of electromagnetic radiation from cellular telephone handsets on symptoms of neurasthenia].

{
  "study_type": "cross_sectional",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "mobile phone",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "time of using handset (long time use mentioned)"
  },
  "population": "Persons with or without cellular telephone handsets",
  "sample_size": 216,
  "outcomes": [
    "Symptoms of neurasthenia",
    "Depression",
    "Nausea",
    "Loss of appetite"
  ],
  "main_findings": "In questionnaire-based analyses (Chi-square and logistic regression), time of using a cellular telephone handset was positively associated with depression (P<0.05), nausea (P<0.01), and loss of appetite (P<0.05). The authors conclude that long-time handset use could induce symptoms of neurasthenia.",
  "effect_direction": "harm",
  "limitations": [
    "Exposure assessment based on self-reported handset use time",
    "Outcomes assessed by questionnaire/self-report",
    "Cross-sectional design limits causal inference",
    "Potential confounding despite mention of lifestyle, stress, and environment variables"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "cellular telephone",
    "handset",
    "electromagnetic radiation",
    "RF",
    "neurasthenia",
    "questionnaire",
    "depression",
    "nausea",
    "loss of appetite"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "mobile-phones",
      "weight": 0.9,
      "reason": "Study evaluates health symptoms in relation to cellular telephone handset use."
    }
  ]
}