[Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field and its combination with lead on the antioxidant system in mouse].

Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases · 2002 · Harm · Low evidence

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HarmLow evidencePaper 3802

Study snapshot

PublicationZhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases · 2002

Study typeanimal

Reported directionHarm

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field(ELF EMF) and its combination with lead on the antioxidant system in mouse brain and liver tissues. METHOD: Mice were exposed to a 50 Hz sinusoidal 0.2 mT or 6.0 mT EMF for 2 weeks. At the same time, some groups were exposed to lead(50 mg/kg). After the exposure, the antioxidant system and cell membrane fluidity in brain and liver were measured. RESULTS: Malondiadehyde(MDA) content in brain and liver increased from the control levels of (1.33 +/- 0.12) and (3.95 +/- 0.21) nmol/mg pro to (1.35 +/- 0.09) and (6.15 +/- 0.28) nmol/mg pro respectively following 0.2 mT exposure, and to (3.98 +/- 0.10) and (6.50 +/- 0.79) nmol/mg pro respectively following 6.0 mT exposure. Total antioxidant capability(T-AOC) in brain and liver decreased from the control levels of (4.39 +/- 0.48) and (2.45 +/- 0.21) U/mg pro to (3.99 +/- 0.39) and (1.92 +/- 0.32) U/mg pro respectively following 0.2 mT, and to (3.12 +/- 0.37) and (1.57 +/- 0.14) U/mg pro respectively following 6.0 mT. GSH content decreased only in liver tissue from the control level of (194.60 +/- 20.93) mg/g pro to (189.24 +/- 5.61) mg/g pro(0.2 mT) and (153.04 +/- 1.18) mg/g pro(6.0 mT). Cellular membrane fluidity decreased from the control levels of (1.396 +/- 0.040) and (2.899 +/- 0.552) to (1.224 +/- 0.190) and (1.894 +/- 0.0761) (0.2 mT), (1.159 +/- 0.179) and (1.516 +/- 0.204)(6.0 mT) respectively. Compared with single EMF exposure(6.0 mT), EMF combined with lead exposure induced remarkable increase in MDA, GSH content and T-AOC and decrease in cell membrane fluidity both in the brain and liver, and increase in SOD activity only in liver. CONCLUSION: ELF EMF might alter the metabolism of free radicals, decrease anti-oxidant capability and enhance lipid peroxidation. The combination of EMF with lead showed synergic effects on lipid peroxidation.

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Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionharm

PopulationMice

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF · 5e-05 MHz · 2 weeks

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Mice exposed to 50 Hz EMF (0.2 mT or 6.0 mT) for 2 weeks showed increased MDA in brain and liver and decreased T-AOC in brain and liver versus controls; GSH decreased in liver, and cell membrane fluidity decreased in brain and liver. Compared with 6.0 mT EMF alone, combined exposure with lead (50 mg/kg) was reported to produce a more marked increase in MDA, GSH and T-AOC, a decrease in membrane fluidity in brain and liver, and an increase in SOD activity in liver.

Outcomes measured

Malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain and liver
Total antioxidant capability (T-AOC) in brain and liver
Glutathione (GSH) content (reported for liver)
Cell membrane fluidity in brain and liver
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (reported for liver in combined exposure comparison)

Limitations

Sample size not reported in abstract
Details of exposure regimen (e.g., hours/day) not reported in abstract
Statistical testing/significance not reported in abstract
Lead-only group results not described in abstract
Some reported directions for combined exposure (e.g., increases in GSH and T-AOC) are not fully contextualized in the abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 5e-05,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "2 weeks"
  },
  "population": "Mice",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain and liver",
    "Total antioxidant capability (T-AOC) in brain and liver",
    "Glutathione (GSH) content (reported for liver)",
    "Cell membrane fluidity in brain and liver",
    "Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (reported for liver in combined exposure comparison)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Mice exposed to 50 Hz EMF (0.2 mT or 6.0 mT) for 2 weeks showed increased MDA in brain and liver and decreased T-AOC in brain and liver versus controls; GSH decreased in liver, and cell membrane fluidity decreased in brain and liver. Compared with 6.0 mT EMF alone, combined exposure with lead (50 mg/kg) was reported to produce a more marked increase in MDA, GSH and T-AOC, a decrease in membrane fluidity in brain and liver, and an increase in SOD activity in liver.",
  "effect_direction": "harm",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in abstract",
    "Details of exposure regimen (e.g., hours/day) not reported in abstract",
    "Statistical testing/significance not reported in abstract",
    "Lead-only group results not described in abstract",
    "Some reported directions for combined exposure (e.g., increases in GSH and T-AOC) are not fully contextualized in the abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "extremely low frequency",
    "ELF EMF",
    "50 Hz",
    "mouse",
    "brain",
    "liver",
    "oxidative stress",
    "antioxidant system",
    "lipid peroxidation",
    "malondialdehyde",
    "T-AOC",
    "GSH",
    "SOD",
    "cell membrane fluidity",
    "lead",
    "combined exposure",
    "synergistic effects"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "occupational-exposure",
      "weight": 0.55,
      "reason": "Published in an industrial hygiene/occupational diseases journal and involves ELF exposure relevant to workplace settings."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: Not supplied
PubMed: 14694649

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