Impact of a cell phone intervention on mediating mechanisms of smoking cessation in individuals living with HIV/AIDS.

Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2006 · Benefit · Moderate evidence

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BenefitModerate evidencePaper 3490

Study snapshot

PublicationNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2006

Study typerandomized_trial

Reported directionBenefit

Evidence ratingModerate

Abstract

Mounting evidence suggests that smokers living with HIV/AIDS have a significantly increased risk of numerous adverse health outcomes (both AIDS- and non-AIDS-related) compared with HIV-positive nonsmokers. Therefore, efforts to design and implement effective cessation programs for this ever-growing special population are warranted. The present study assessed the effects of a cell phone intervention (CPI) on hypothesized mediators (i.e., changes in depression, anxiety, social support, and self-efficacy) demonstrated to influence cessation outcomes in other populations. Ninety-five participants from an inner-city AIDS clinic were randomized to receive either the CPI or recommended standard of care (RSOC) smoking cessation treatment. Participants randomized to the RSOC group (n=47) received brief advice to quit, a 10-week supply of nicotine patches, and self-help materials. Participants randomized to the CPI group (n=48) received RSOC components plus a series of eight proactive counseling sessions delivered via cell phones. A series of regression analyses (linear and logistic) was used to assess the relationships between treatment group, the hypothesized mediators, and biochemically confirmed smoking cessation outcomes. Results indicated that the CPI group experienced greater reductions in anxiety and depression, and increases in self-efficacy compared with the RSOC group. Further, changes in depression, anxiety, and self-efficacy weakened the association between treatment group and cessation outcome. The mediator hypothesis, however, for social support was rejected, as the difference score was not significantly associated with treatment group. These results suggest that the efficacy of the CPI is at least partially mediated by its ability to decrease symptoms of distress while increasing self-efficacy.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typerandomized_trial

Effect directionbenefit

PopulationSmokers living with HIV/AIDS (participants from an inner-city AIDS clinic)

Sample size95

ExposureNot supplied

Evidence strengthModerateConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Ninety-five participants were randomized to recommended standard of care (RSOC) versus RSOC plus a cell phone intervention (CPI) consisting of eight proactive counseling sessions delivered via cell phones. The CPI group had greater reductions in anxiety and depression and greater increases in self-efficacy than RSOC. Changes in depression, anxiety, and self-efficacy weakened the association between treatment group and cessation outcome, while social support did not meet mediator criteria.

Outcomes measured

Smoking cessation (biochemically confirmed)
Depression
Anxiety
Self-efficacy
Social support

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "randomized_trial",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": "mobile phone",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Smokers living with HIV/AIDS (participants from an inner-city AIDS clinic)",
  "sample_size": 95,
  "outcomes": [
    "Smoking cessation (biochemically confirmed)",
    "Depression",
    "Anxiety",
    "Self-efficacy",
    "Social support"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Ninety-five participants were randomized to recommended standard of care (RSOC) versus RSOC plus a cell phone intervention (CPI) consisting of eight proactive counseling sessions delivered via cell phones. The CPI group had greater reductions in anxiety and depression and greater increases in self-efficacy than RSOC. Changes in depression, anxiety, and self-efficacy weakened the association between treatment group and cessation outcome, while social support did not meet mediator criteria.",
  "effect_direction": "benefit",
  "limitations": [],
  "evidence_strength": "moderate",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "cell phone intervention",
    "mobile phone counseling",
    "smoking cessation",
    "HIV/AIDS",
    "depression",
    "anxiety",
    "self-efficacy",
    "social support",
    "randomized controlled trial"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1080/14622200601039451
PubMed: 17491177

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