Effects of pulsed electromagnetic field vibration on tooth movement induced by magnetic and mechanical forces: a preliminary study.

Australian dental journal · 2007 · Mixed · Low evidence

← Research stream

MixedLow evidencePaper 3422

Study snapshot

PublicationAustralian dental journal · 2007

Study typeanimal

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to determine whether or not high-frequency and low-magnitude vibration affects orthodontic tooth movement caused by magnetic or/and mechanical forces. METHODS: Forty-four 7-week-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, with each group further divided into experimental and control subgroups. Neodymium-Iron-Boron (Nd-Fe-B) magnets and Sentalloy closed coil springs were placed between maxillary or mandibular first molars and incisors to activate tooth movement. The animals of experimental subgroups were exposed to the vibration induced by pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) whilst the control subgroups were under normal atmosphere. The experiment lasted for 14 days and all of the animals were sacrificed for examination. The changes in the space between the molar and incisor were measured to indicate the amount of tooth movement. RESULTS: The coil springs, either with sham or active magnets, move molar much more than magnets alone, regardless of absence or presence of PEMF (p < 0.001). Under PEMF, the coil spring moved significantly more amount of tooth movement than that of coil-magnet combination (p < 0.01), as did the magnets compared to sham magnets (p < 0.019). Under a non-PEMF scenario, there was no significant difference in tooth movement between coil spring and coil-magnets combination, nor was there difference between magnets and sham magnets. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that the PEMF-induced vibration may enhance the effect of mechanical and magnetic forces on tooth movement.

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionmixed

Population7-week-old Wistar rats

Sample size44

Exposure14 days

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

In rats, coil springs produced more tooth movement than magnets alone regardless of PEMF exposure (p<0.001). Under PEMF exposure, tooth movement differed between some force conditions (coil spring > coil-magnet combination, p<0.01; magnets > sham magnets, p<0.019), whereas under non-PEMF conditions these differences were not significant. The authors suggest PEMF-induced vibration may enhance mechanical and magnetic force effects on tooth movement.

Outcomes measured

Orthodontic tooth movement (change in space between molar and incisor)

Limitations

Preliminary study
Animal model (rats), limiting direct applicability to humans
PEMF exposure parameters (e.g., frequency, field strength) not reported in abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": "pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) vibration",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "14 days"
  },
  "population": "7-week-old Wistar rats",
  "sample_size": 44,
  "outcomes": [
    "Orthodontic tooth movement (change in space between molar and incisor)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "In rats, coil springs produced more tooth movement than magnets alone regardless of PEMF exposure (p<0.001). Under PEMF exposure, tooth movement differed between some force conditions (coil spring > coil-magnet combination, p<0.01; magnets > sham magnets, p<0.019), whereas under non-PEMF conditions these differences were not significant. The authors suggest PEMF-induced vibration may enhance mechanical and magnetic force effects on tooth movement.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Preliminary study",
    "Animal model (rats), limiting direct applicability to humans",
    "PEMF exposure parameters (e.g., frequency, field strength) not reported in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "pulsed electromagnetic fields",
    "PEMF",
    "vibration",
    "orthodontic tooth movement",
    "magnets",
    "coil springs",
    "Wistar rats"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

AI can be wrong. Always verify against the paper.

AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2007.tb00503.x
PubMed: 18265683

Read the original paper →

Related papers

← Back to the Research Library