Evaluation of the packaging and encapsulation reliability in fully integrated, fully wireless 100 channel Utah Slant Electrode Array (USEA): Implications for long term functionality.

Sensors and actuators. A, Physical · 2012 · Unclear · Low evidence

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UnclearLow evidencePaper 3188

A fully integrated, fully wireless 100-channel USEA/INI-R5 encapsulated with 6-µm Parylene-C remained fully functional and could record artificial neural signals after more than 12 months of PBS soaking while being powered/configured wirelessly (2.765 MHz ind…

Study snapshot

PublicationSensors and actuators. A, Physical · 2012

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionUnclear

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

The encapsulation and packaging reliability in fully integrated, fully wireless 100 channel Utah Slant Electrode Array (USEA)/integrated neural interface-recording version 5 (INI-R5) has been evaluated by monitoring the extended long term in-vitro functional stability and recording longevity. The INI encapsulated with 6-μm Parylene-C was immersed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at room temperature for a period of over 12 months. The USEA/INI-R5, while being soaked was powered and configured wirelessly through 2.765 MHz inductive link and the transmitted frequency shift keying (FSK) modulated radio-frequency (RF) (900 MHz Industrial, scientific, medical-ISM band) signal was also recorded wirelessly as a function of soak time. In order to test the long term recording ability, in-vitro wireless recording was performed in agarose for few channels. The full functionality and the ability of the electrodes to record artificial neural signals even after 12 months of PBS soak provides a measure of encapsulation reliability, the functional and recording stability in fully integrated wireless neural interface and potential usefulness for future chronic implants.

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionunclear

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureRF · 900 MHz · over 12 months (PBS soak; wireless powering/configuration during soak)

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Encapsulation/packaging reliability
Long-term in-vitro functional stability
Wireless signal transmission/recording longevity
Ability to record artificial neural signals after prolonged soak

Limitations

In-vitro study (PBS soak/agarose), not in humans or animals
Number of channels tested for in-vitro wireless recording described only as 'few channels'
No quantitative failure rates or comparative conditions reported in the abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "wireless implant/inductive link",
    "frequency_mhz": 900,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "over 12 months (PBS soak; wireless powering/configuration during soak)"
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Encapsulation/packaging reliability",
    "Long-term in-vitro functional stability",
    "Wireless signal transmission/recording longevity",
    "Ability to record artificial neural signals after prolonged soak"
  ],
  "main_findings": "A fully integrated, fully wireless 100-channel USEA/INI-R5 encapsulated with 6-µm Parylene-C remained fully functional and could record artificial neural signals after more than 12 months of PBS soaking while being powered/configured wirelessly (2.765 MHz inductive link) and transmitting an FSK-modulated RF signal (900 MHz ISM band).",
  "effect_direction": "unclear",
  "limitations": [
    "In-vitro study (PBS soak/agarose), not in humans or animals",
    "Number of channels tested for in-vitro wireless recording described only as 'few channels'",
    "No quantitative failure rates or comparative conditions reported in the abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "Utah Slant Electrode Array",
    "USEA",
    "wireless neural interface",
    "encapsulation",
    "packaging reliability",
    "Parylene-C",
    "phosphate buffer saline",
    "inductive link",
    "FSK",
    "900 MHz ISM",
    "long-term stability",
    "in vitro"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "engineering",
      "weight": 0.9,
      "reason": "Focuses on wireless implant packaging/encapsulation reliability and long-term in-vitro functionality rather than health effects."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2011.11.015
PubMed: 23288983

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