Genotoxic and histopathological effects of 6 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on rat liver tissue

Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine · 2025 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 2590

Compared with sham controls, the exposed group had higher genetic damage index and damaged cell percentage, but differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Histopathological findings in the exposed group were described as more prominent portal in…

Study snapshot

PublicationElectromagnetic Biology and Medicine · 2025

Study typeanimal

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Category: Toxicology, Experimental Biology Tags: RF-EMR, liver, genotoxicity, histopathology, 6 GHz, electromagnetic fields, rats DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2025.2534381 URL: tandfonline.com Overview This study investigated the genotoxic and histopathological effects of 6 GHz (0.065 W/kg) Radiofrequency-Electromagnetic Radiation (RF-EMR) on rat liver tissue. A sham (control) group and a Radiofrequency Radiation (RFR) group, each with 10 adult male rats, were utilized for this experiment. The sham group received no treatment. The RFR group was subjected to 6 GHz RF-EMR for 4 hours per day over a period of 42 days. Findings - After exposure, liver tissues from both groups were examined. - Genotoxicity was assessed using the Comet Test, while Masson Trichrome and Hematoxylin Eosin staining methods were used for histopathological analysis. - The RFR group showed higher values in genetic damage index (GDI) and damaged cell percentage (DCP) compared to the sham group, though this increase was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). - Histopathologically, the RFR group exhibited more prominent portal inflammation, single cell necrosis, vascularity, and congestion relative to the control. Conclusion This study demonstrates that 6 GHz RF-EMR exposure can cause histopathological and DNA-level changes in rat liver tissue. Notably, there were no prior studies specifically evaluating the genotoxic and histopathological effects of 6 GHz RF-EMR, highlighting the significance of the biological impacts of this frequency band.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionmixed

PopulationAdult male rats

Sample size20

ExposureRF · 6000 MHz · 0.065 W/kg · 4 hours/day for 42 days

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Genotoxicity (Comet test; genetic damage index, damaged cell percentage)
Histopathology of liver tissue (Masson Trichrome; Hematoxylin Eosin; portal inflammation, single cell necrosis, vascularity, congestion)

Limitations

Genotoxicity increases were not statistically significant (p>0.05).
Small group sizes (10 rats per group).

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 6000,
    "sar_wkg": 0.065,
    "duration": "4 hours/day for 42 days"
  },
  "population": "Adult male rats",
  "sample_size": 20,
  "outcomes": [
    "Genotoxicity (Comet test; genetic damage index, damaged cell percentage)",
    "Histopathology of liver tissue (Masson Trichrome; Hematoxylin Eosin; portal inflammation, single cell necrosis, vascularity, congestion)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Compared with sham controls, the exposed group had higher genetic damage index and damaged cell percentage, but differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Histopathological findings in the exposed group were described as more prominent portal inflammation, single cell necrosis, vascularity, and congestion.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Genotoxicity increases were not statistically significant (p>0.05).",
    "Small group sizes (10 rats per group)."
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "6 GHz",
    "RF-EMR",
    "radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation",
    "rat",
    "liver",
    "genotoxicity",
    "Comet assay",
    "histopathology",
    "SAR 0.065 W/kg"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2025.2534381
PubMed: Not supplied

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