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Influence of electromagnetic pulse on the offspring sex ratio of male BALB/c mice

2017 · Harm · Low evidence

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HarmLow evidencePaper 2382

Male mice exposed to EMP daily for 2 weeks showed significant increases in offspring sex ratio at D0, D21, and D28 compared with sham-exposed groups. Serum testosterone was significantly increased at D0, D14, D21, and D28 versus sham (p<0.05). The authors sug…

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2017
Study typeanimal
Reported directionHarm
Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Influence of electromagnetic pulse on the offspring sex ratio of male BALB/c mice Li JH, Jiang DP, Wang YF, Yan JJ, Guo QY, Miao X, Lang HY, Xu SL, Liu JY, Guo GZ.Influence of electromagnetic pulse on the offspring sex ratio of male BALB/c mice. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2017 Jun 21;54:155-161. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.06.015. Abstract Public concern is growing about the exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and its effect on male reproductive health. Detrimental effect of EMF exposure on sex hormones, reproductive performance and sex- ratio was reported. The present study was designed to clarify whether paternal exposure to electromagnetic pulse (EMP) affects offspring sex ratio in mice. 50 male BALB/c mice aged 5-6 weeks were exposed to EMP daily for 2 weeks before mated with non-exposed females at 0d, 7d, 14d, 21d and 28d after exposure. Sex hormones including total testosterone, LH, FSH, and GnRH were detected using radioimmunoassay. The sex ratio was examined by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. The results of D0, D21 and D28 showed significant increases compared with sham-exposed groups. The serum testosterone increased significantly in D0, D14, D21, and D28 compared with sham-exposed groups (p<0.05). Overall, this study suggested that EMP exposure may lead to the disturbance of reproductive hormone levels and affect the offspring sex ratio. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal
Effect directionharm
PopulationMale BALB/c mice (5–6 weeks old) mated with non-exposed females
Sample size50
Exposuredaily for 2 weeks (paternal exposure before mating)
Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Male mice exposed to EMP daily for 2 weeks showed significant increases in offspring sex ratio at D0, D21, and D28 compared with sham-exposed groups. Serum testosterone was significantly increased at D0, D14, D21, and D28 versus sham (p<0.05). The authors suggest EMP exposure may disturb reproductive hormone levels and affect offspring sex ratio.

Outcomes measured

  • Offspring sex ratio
  • Serum total testosterone
  • LH
  • FSH
  • GnRH

Limitations

  • EMP exposure parameters (e.g., intensity, frequency characteristics) not reported in the provided abstract
  • Offspring sex ratio direction (e.g., male-biased vs female-biased) not specified in the provided abstract
  • No details provided on number of matings/pregnancies or litter sizes in the provided abstract
  • Journal name not provided in metadata (though present in abstract citation)
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": "electromagnetic pulse (EMP)",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "daily for 2 weeks (paternal exposure before mating)"
  },
  "population": "Male BALB/c mice (5–6 weeks old) mated with non-exposed females",
  "sample_size": 50,
  "outcomes": [
    "Offspring sex ratio",
    "Serum total testosterone",
    "LH",
    "FSH",
    "GnRH"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Male mice exposed to EMP daily for 2 weeks showed significant increases in offspring sex ratio at D0, D21, and D28 compared with sham-exposed groups. Serum testosterone was significantly increased at D0, D14, D21, and D28 versus sham (p<0.05). The authors suggest EMP exposure may disturb reproductive hormone levels and affect offspring sex ratio.",
  "effect_direction": "harm",
  "limitations": [
    "EMP exposure parameters (e.g., intensity, frequency characteristics) not reported in the provided abstract",
    "Offspring sex ratio direction (e.g., male-biased vs female-biased) not specified in the provided abstract",
    "No details provided on number of matings/pregnancies or litter sizes in the provided abstract",
    "Journal name not provided in metadata (though present in abstract citation)"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "electromagnetic pulse",
    "EMP",
    "EMF",
    "male reproductive health",
    "sex ratio",
    "testosterone",
    "LH",
    "FSH",
    "GnRH",
    "BALB/c mice"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "occupational-exposure",
      "weight": 0.2,
      "reason": "Study involves controlled exposure of males to an electromagnetic pulse; could be relevant to high-intensity/occupational-type exposures, though not explicitly stated."
    }
  ]
}
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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.06.015
PubMed: Not supplied

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