Extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation enhances neutrophil response to particulate agonists

2017 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 2205

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2017

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation enhances neutrophil response to particulate agonists Vlasova II, Mikhalchik EV, Gusev AA, Balabushevich NG, Gusev SA, Kazarinov KD. Extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation enhances neutrophil response to particulate agonists. Bioelectromagnetics. 2017 Nov 30. doi: 10.1002/bem.22103. Abstract The growing use of extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (EHF EMR) in information and communication technology and in biomedical applications has raised concerns regarding the potential biological impact of millimeter waves (MMWs). Here, we elucidated the effects of MMW radiation on neutrophil activation induced by opsonized zymosan or E. coli in whole blood ex vivo. After agonist addition to blood, two samples were prepared. A control sample was incubated at ambient conditions without any treatment, and a test sample was exposed to EHF EMR (32.9-39.6 GHz, 100 W/m2 ). We used methods that allowed us to assess the functional status of neutrophils immediately after exposure: oxidant production levels were measured by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, and morphofunctional changes to neutrophils were observed in blood smears. Results revealed that the response of neutrophils to both agonists was intensified if blood was exposed to MMW radiation for 15 min. Neutrophils were intact in both the control and irradiated samples if no agonist was added to blood before incubation. Similarly, exposing suspensions of isolated neutrophils in plasma to MMW radiation. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionmixed

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposuremmWave · 15 min

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

In whole blood ex vivo, exposure to extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (32.9–39.6 GHz; 100 W/m2) for 15 min intensified neutrophil responses to opsonized zymosan or E. coli, including increased oxidant production and morphofunctional changes. No apparent neutrophil damage was reported in control vs irradiated samples when no agonist was added before incubation.

Outcomes measured

Neutrophil activation/functional status
Oxidant production (luminol-dependent chemiluminescence)
Morphofunctional changes in neutrophils (blood smears)

Limitations

Ex vivo/in vitro design (whole blood and isolated neutrophil suspensions), not an in vivo health outcome study
No sample size reported in the provided abstract/metadata
Exposure described by frequency range and power density; SAR not reported

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "mmWave",
    "source": "other",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "15 min"
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Neutrophil activation/functional status",
    "Oxidant production (luminol-dependent chemiluminescence)",
    "Morphofunctional changes in neutrophils (blood smears)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "In whole blood ex vivo, exposure to extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (32.9–39.6 GHz; 100 W/m2) for 15 min intensified neutrophil responses to opsonized zymosan or E. coli, including increased oxidant production and morphofunctional changes. No apparent neutrophil damage was reported in control vs irradiated samples when no agonist was added before incubation.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Ex vivo/in vitro design (whole blood and isolated neutrophil suspensions), not an in vivo health outcome study",
    "No sample size reported in the provided abstract/metadata",
    "Exposure described by frequency range and power density; SAR not reported"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "extremely high-frequency",
    "millimeter waves",
    "EHF EMR",
    "32.9–39.6 GHz",
    "100 W/m2",
    "whole blood ex vivo",
    "neutrophils",
    "zymosan",
    "E. coli",
    "oxidant production",
    "chemiluminescence"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1002/bem.22103
PubMed: Not supplied

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