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Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz) affects anti-oxidant capacity, DNA repair genes expression and, apoptosis in pregnant mouse placenta

2020 · Harm · Low evidence

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HarmLow evidencePaper 1468

Pregnant mice exposed to 2.4 GHz Wi‑Fi for 2 or 4 hours had significantly increased placental MDA and SOD levels, increased SOD mRNA expression, increased CDKN1A and GADD45a expression, and increased apoptosis by qPCR and TUNEL assay (P<0.05).

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2020
Study typeanimal
Reported directionHarm
Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz) affects anti-oxidant capacity, DNA repair genes expression and, apoptosis in pregnant mouse placenta Homeira Vafaei, Ghazal Kavari, Hamid Reza Izadi, Zahra Zare Dorahi, Mehdi Dianatpour, Afrooz Daneshparvar, Iman Jamhiri. Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz) affects anti-oxidant capacity, DNA repair genes expression and, apoptosis in pregnant mouse placenta. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2020 Jun;23(6):833-840. doi: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.40184.9512. Abstract Objectives: The placenta provides nutrients and oxygen to embryo and removes waste products from embryo's blood. As far as we know, the effects of exposure to Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz) signals on placenta have not been evaluated. Hence, we examined the effect of prenatal exposure to Wi-Fi signals on anti-oxidant capacity, expressions of CDKNA1, and GADD45a as well as apoptosis in placenta and pregnancy outcome. Materials and methods: Pregnant mice were exposed to Wi-Fi signal (2.4 GHz) for 2 and 4 hr. Placenta tissues were examined to measure the MDA and SOD levels. To measure SOD, CDKNA1, GADD45a, Bax, and Bcl-2 expressions were compared by real-time PCR analysis. TUNEL assay was used to assess apoptosis in placenta tissues. The results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using Prism version 6.0 software. Results: MDA and SOD levels had significantly increased in exposed Wi-Fi signal groups (P-value< 0.05). Also, quantitative PCR experiment showed that SOD mRNA expression significantly increased in Wi-Fi signal groups. The data showed that CDKN1A and GADD45a genes were increased in Wi-Fi groups (P-value<0.05). The quantitative PCR and the TUNEL assay showed that apoptosis increased in Wi-Fi groups (P-value<0.05). Conclusion: Our results provide evidence that Wi-Fi signals increase lipid peroxidation, SOD activity (oxidative stres), apoptosis and CDKN1A and GADD45a overexpression in mice placenta tissue. However, further experimental studies are warranted to investigate other genes and aspects of pregnancy to determine the role of Wi-Fi radiation on fertility and pregnancy. Open access paper: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal
Effect directionharm
PopulationPregnant mice (placenta tissue)
Sample sizeNot supplied
ExposureRF · 2400 MHz · 2 and 4 hr
Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Pregnant mice exposed to 2.4 GHz Wi‑Fi for 2 or 4 hours had significantly increased placental MDA and SOD levels, increased SOD mRNA expression, increased CDKN1A and GADD45a expression, and increased apoptosis by qPCR and TUNEL assay (P<0.05).

Outcomes measured

  • MDA level
  • SOD level
  • SOD mRNA expression
  • CDKN1A gene expression
  • GADD45a gene expression
  • Bax expression
  • Bcl-2 expression
  • Placental apoptosis (TUNEL assay)
  • Pregnancy outcome

Limitations

  • Sample size not reported in the provided abstract/metadata
  • Exposure metric (e.g., SAR/power density) not reported in the provided abstract/metadata
  • Details of exposure setup and controls not described in the provided abstract/metadata
  • Pregnancy outcome results are mentioned as an aim but specific outcome data are not reported in the provided abstract/metadata
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "wi-fi",
    "frequency_mhz": 2400,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "2 and 4 hr"
  },
  "population": "Pregnant mice (placenta tissue)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "MDA level",
    "SOD level",
    "SOD mRNA expression",
    "CDKN1A gene expression",
    "GADD45a gene expression",
    "Bax expression",
    "Bcl-2 expression",
    "Placental apoptosis (TUNEL assay)",
    "Pregnancy outcome"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Pregnant mice exposed to 2.4 GHz Wi‑Fi for 2 or 4 hours had significantly increased placental MDA and SOD levels, increased SOD mRNA expression, increased CDKN1A and GADD45a expression, and increased apoptosis by qPCR and TUNEL assay (P<0.05).",
  "effect_direction": "harm",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in the provided abstract/metadata",
    "Exposure metric (e.g., SAR/power density) not reported in the provided abstract/metadata",
    "Details of exposure setup and controls not described in the provided abstract/metadata",
    "Pregnancy outcome results are mentioned as an aim but specific outcome data are not reported in the provided abstract/metadata"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "Wi-Fi",
    "2.4 GHz",
    "RF exposure",
    "pregnancy",
    "mouse",
    "placenta",
    "oxidative stress",
    "MDA",
    "SOD",
    "CDKN1A",
    "GADD45a",
    "apoptosis",
    "TUNEL",
    "DNA repair genes"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "school-wi-fi",
      "weight": 0.6,
      "reason": "Study evaluates biological effects of Wi‑Fi (2.4 GHz) exposure."
    }
  ]
}
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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.40184.9512
PubMed: Not supplied

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