Large-Area Monitoring of RF EMF from Mobile Phone Base Stations and Broadcast Transmission Towers by Car-Mounted Measurements around Tokyo

2023 · Unclear · Insufficient evidence

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UnclearInsufficient evidencePaper 494

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2023

Study typeexposure_assessment

Reported directionUnclear

Evidence ratingInsufficient

Abstract

Large-Area Monitoring of RF EMF from Mobile Phone Base Stations and Broadcast Transmission Towers by Car-Mounted Measurements around Tokyo Onishi T, Esaki K, Tobita K, Ikuyo M, Taki M, Watanabe S. Large-Area Monitoring of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure Levels from Mobile Phone Base Stations and Broadcast Transmission Towers by Car-Mounted Measurements around Tokyo. Electronics. 2023; 12(8):1835. doi.org. Abstract Car-mounted measurements of radiofrequency electromagnetic exposure levels were carried out in a large area around Tokyo. Prior to the electric field (E-field) measurements using a car, the effect of the car body was evaluated in an anechoic chamber. The measurements between May 2021 and February 2022 were carried out within a radius of 100 km centering on Nihonbashi, Tokyo, with a measurement distance of about 13,800 km. The measurement results were averaged in the reference area mesh (1 km2). It was found that the E-field strengths of FM/TV frequency bands are lower than that of mobile phone base stations. It was also found that the E-field strength of only the 5G frequency band is approximately 20–30 dB lower than that of all mobile phone systems. However, note that it is possible to depend on the data traffic of 5G. The E-field strength of all bands is higher in Tokyo than in other prefectures. Additionally, repeated measurements were carried out to investigate the reproducibility of the measured E-field. The standard deviation is less than 3 dB along the same route, and a similar tendency of E-field strength by the car to the time-averaged results of spot measurements in the past was confirmed. Finally, the relationship of E-field strength with population density was investigated. It was found that the E-field strength from mobile phone base stations has a positive relationship with population density. Open access paper: mdpi.com

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeexposure_assessment

Effect directionunclear

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureRF · Measurements between May 2021 and February 2022; total measurement distance about 13,800 km; averaged in 1 km^2 mesh

Evidence strengthInsufficientConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Car-mounted RF E-field measurements around Tokyo (within 100 km radius) found FM/TV band E-field strengths lower than those from mobile phone base stations. The 5G band E-field strength was approximately 20–30 dB lower than that of all mobile phone systems, with a note that it may depend on 5G data traffic. E-field strength across all bands was higher in Tokyo than in other prefectures; repeated measurements showed standard deviation <3 dB along the same route, and E-field from mobile phone base stations showed a positive relationship with population density.

Outcomes measured

Electric field (E-field) strength by frequency band
Spatial distribution of E-field strength (1 km^2 mesh)
Reproducibility of car-mounted E-field measurements (standard deviation along same route)
Association between E-field strength from mobile phone base stations and population density

Limitations

Potential dependence of 5G band E-field strength on 5G data traffic (not quantified in abstract)
Car body influence required evaluation (performed in anechoic chamber; residual effects not described in abstract)
No specific frequencies, measurement instrumentation, or absolute exposure levels reported in abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "exposure_assessment",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "mobile phone base stations and broadcast transmission towers",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "Measurements between May 2021 and February 2022; total measurement distance about 13,800 km; averaged in 1 km^2 mesh"
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Electric field (E-field) strength by frequency band",
    "Spatial distribution of E-field strength (1 km^2 mesh)",
    "Reproducibility of car-mounted E-field measurements (standard deviation along same route)",
    "Association between E-field strength from mobile phone base stations and population density"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Car-mounted RF E-field measurements around Tokyo (within 100 km radius) found FM/TV band E-field strengths lower than those from mobile phone base stations. The 5G band E-field strength was approximately 20–30 dB lower than that of all mobile phone systems, with a note that it may depend on 5G data traffic. E-field strength across all bands was higher in Tokyo than in other prefectures; repeated measurements showed standard deviation <3 dB along the same route, and E-field from mobile phone base stations showed a positive relationship with population density.",
  "effect_direction": "unclear",
  "limitations": [
    "Potential dependence of 5G band E-field strength on 5G data traffic (not quantified in abstract)",
    "Car body influence required evaluation (performed in anechoic chamber; residual effects not described in abstract)",
    "No specific frequencies, measurement instrumentation, or absolute exposure levels reported in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "radiofrequency",
    "RF EMF",
    "electric field strength",
    "car-mounted measurements",
    "mobile phone base stations",
    "broadcast towers",
    "FM",
    "TV",
    "5G",
    "Tokyo",
    "population density",
    "spatial monitoring",
    "reproducibility"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "occupational-exposure",
      "weight": 0.2,
      "reason": "Car-mounted measurement approach may relate to mobile/field measurement work, though no occupational population is studied."
    },
    {
      "slug": "5g-policy",
      "weight": 0.35,
      "reason": "Reports comparative E-field strength for the 5G frequency band versus other mobile phone systems."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.3390/electronics120818365
PubMed: Not supplied

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