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Indirect effects of interference of two emerging environmental contaminants on cell health: Radiofrequency radiation and gold nanoparticles

2023 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 357

RFR exposure increased metabolic death in cells treated with 15-nm gold nanoparticles (GNP). Colony formation ability was reduced in bystander cells and in RFR-exposed cells, both with and without GNP. ROS levels were significantly reduced in GNP-treated cell…

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2023
Study typein_vitro
Reported directionMixed
Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Indirect effects of interference of two emerging environmental contaminants on cell health: Radiofrequency radiation and gold nanoparticles Jooyan N, Mortazavi SMJ, Goliaei B, Faraji-Dana R. Indirect effects of interference of two emerging environmental contaminants on cell health: Radiofrequency radiation and gold nanoparticles. Chemosphere. 2023. doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140942. Abstract Background The global need for wireless technologies is growing rapidly. So, we have been exposed to a new type of environmental pollution: radiofrequency radiation (RFR). Recent studies have shown that RFR can cause not only direct effects but also indirect or non-targeted effects such as the bystander effect (BE). In this study, we investigated the BE induced by RFR in the present of gold nanoparticles (GNP). Moreover, we studied the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Methods Non-toxic dose of 15-nm GNP was used to treat the Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. After 48 h of incubation, cells were exposed to 900 MHz GSM RFR for 24 h. Then we collected the cell culture medium of these cells (conditioned culture medium, CCM) and transferred it to new cells (bystander cells). Cell deaths, DNA breaks, oxidative stress and COX-2 expression were analyzed in all groups. Results The results showed that RFR increased metabolic death in cells treated with GNP. Inversely, the colony formation ability was reduced in bystander cells and RFR exposed cells either in the presence or absence of GNP. Also, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in GNP treated cells showed a significant reduction compared to those of untreated cells. However, RFR-induced DNA breaks and the frequencies of micronuclei (MN) were not significantly affected by GNP. The expression of COX-2 mRNA increased in RFR GNP treated cells, but the difference was not significant. Conclusion Our results for the first time indicated that RFR induce indirect effects in the presence of GNP. However, the molecular mediators of these effects differ from those in the absence of GNP. Also, to our knowledge, this is the first study to show that COX-2 is not involved in the bystander effect induced by 900 MHz RFR. sciencedirect.com

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro
Effect directionmixed
PopulationChinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells; bystander cells receiving conditioned culture medium
Sample sizeNot supplied
ExposureRF · 900 MHz · 24 h
Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

RFR exposure increased metabolic death in cells treated with 15-nm gold nanoparticles (GNP). Colony formation ability was reduced in bystander cells and in RFR-exposed cells, both with and without GNP. ROS levels were significantly reduced in GNP-treated cells versus untreated cells; GNP did not significantly affect RFR-induced DNA breaks or micronuclei frequencies, and COX-2 mRNA increases in the RFR+GNP group were not significant.

Outcomes measured

  • cell death (metabolic death)
  • colony formation ability
  • DNA breaks
  • oxidative stress / reactive oxygen species (ROS)
  • micronuclei (MN) frequency
  • COX-2 mRNA expression
  • bystander effect (indirect/non-targeted effects via conditioned medium)

Limitations

  • No sample size reported in abstract
  • SAR/dosimetry details not reported in abstract
  • In vitro model (CHO cells) may not generalize to in vivo/human health
  • Several reported changes were not statistically significant (e.g., COX-2 mRNA; DNA breaks/MN not affected by GNP)
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "GSM mobile signal (laboratory exposure)",
    "frequency_mhz": 900,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "24 h"
  },
  "population": "Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells; bystander cells receiving conditioned culture medium",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "cell death (metabolic death)",
    "colony formation ability",
    "DNA breaks",
    "oxidative stress / reactive oxygen species (ROS)",
    "micronuclei (MN) frequency",
    "COX-2 mRNA expression",
    "bystander effect (indirect/non-targeted effects via conditioned medium)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "RFR exposure increased metabolic death in cells treated with 15-nm gold nanoparticles (GNP). Colony formation ability was reduced in bystander cells and in RFR-exposed cells, both with and without GNP. ROS levels were significantly reduced in GNP-treated cells versus untreated cells; GNP did not significantly affect RFR-induced DNA breaks or micronuclei frequencies, and COX-2 mRNA increases in the RFR+GNP group were not significant.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "No sample size reported in abstract",
    "SAR/dosimetry details not reported in abstract",
    "In vitro model (CHO cells) may not generalize to in vivo/human health",
    "Several reported changes were not statistically significant (e.g., COX-2 mRNA; DNA breaks/MN not affected by GNP)"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "radiofrequency radiation",
    "RFR",
    "900 MHz",
    "GSM",
    "gold nanoparticles",
    "GNP",
    "bystander effect",
    "conditioned culture medium",
    "CHO cells",
    "oxidative stress",
    "ROS",
    "DNA breaks",
    "micronuclei",
    "COX-2"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "nanoparticles",
      "weight": 0.78,
      "reason": "Study examines interaction between radiofrequency radiation and gold nanoparticles in cell culture."
    },
    {
      "slug": "mechanisms-bystander-effects",
      "weight": 0.72,
      "reason": "Focus on indirect/non-targeted (bystander) effects via conditioned medium after RFR exposure."
    }
  ]
}
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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140942
PubMed: Not supplied

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