Electromagnetic fields regulate iron metabolism in living organisms: A review of effects and

Progress in Biophysics & Molecular Biology · 2024 · Mixed · Insufficient evidence

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MixedInsufficient evidencePaper 219

Study snapshot

PublicationProgress in Biophysics & Molecular Biology · 2024

Study typereview

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingInsufficient

Abstract

Electromagnetic fields regulate iron metabolism in living organisms: A review of effects and mechanism Zhen C, Zhang G, Wang S, Wang J, Shang P. Electromagnetic fields regulate iron metabolism in living organisms: A review of effects and mechanism. Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2024 Mar 4:S0079- 6107(24)00023-3. doi: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2024.03.001. Abstract The emergence, evolution, and spread of life on Earth have all occurred in the geomagnetic field, and its extensive biological effects on living organisms have been documented. The charged characteristics of metal ions in biological fluids determine that they are affected by electromagnetic field forces, thus affecting life activities. Iron metabolism, as one of the important metal metabolic pathways, keeps iron absorption and excretion in a relatively balanced state, and this process is precisely and completely controlled. It is worth paying attention to how the iron metabolism process of living organisms is changed when exposed to electromagnetic fields. In this paper, the processes of iron absorption, storage and excretion in animals (mammals, fish, arthropods), plants and microorganisms exposed to electromagnetic field were summarized in detail as far as possible, in order to discover the regulation of iron metabolism by electromagnetic field. Studies and data on the effects of electromagnetic field exposure on iron metabolism in organisms show that exposure profiles vary widely across species and cell lines. This process involves a variety of factors, and the complexity of the results is not only related to the magnetic flux density/operating frequency/exposure time and the heterogeneity of the observed object. A systematic review of the biological regulation of iron metabolism by electromagnetic field exposure will not only contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of its biological effects and mechanism, but also is necessary to improve human awareness of the health related risks of electromagnetic field exposure. Open access paper: sciencedirect.com

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typereview

Effect directionmixed

PopulationAnimals (mammals, fish, arthropods), plants, and microorganisms (as summarized across studies)

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureNot supplied

Evidence strengthInsufficientConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

This review summarizes reported changes in iron absorption, storage, and excretion in animals, plants, and microorganisms exposed to electromagnetic fields. The authors note that exposure profiles and results vary widely across species and cell lines and that outcomes appear related to factors such as magnetic flux density, operating frequency, exposure time, and heterogeneity of the observed organisms/cells.

Outcomes measured

Iron metabolism (absorption, storage, excretion)
Biological regulation/mechanisms related to EMF effects on iron metabolism

Limitations

Review article; no primary study sample size reported in abstract
Specific EMF exposure parameters (frequency, intensity, duration) are not provided in the abstract
The abstract indicates wide variability across species/cell lines, suggesting heterogeneity across included studies

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "review",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Animals (mammals, fish, arthropods), plants, and microorganisms (as summarized across studies)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Iron metabolism (absorption, storage, excretion)",
    "Biological regulation/mechanisms related to EMF effects on iron metabolism"
  ],
  "main_findings": "This review summarizes reported changes in iron absorption, storage, and excretion in animals, plants, and microorganisms exposed to electromagnetic fields. The authors note that exposure profiles and results vary widely across species and cell lines and that outcomes appear related to factors such as magnetic flux density, operating frequency, exposure time, and heterogeneity of the observed organisms/cells.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Review article; no primary study sample size reported in abstract",
    "Specific EMF exposure parameters (frequency, intensity, duration) are not provided in the abstract",
    "The abstract indicates wide variability across species/cell lines, suggesting heterogeneity across included studies"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "electromagnetic fields",
    "geomagnetic field",
    "iron metabolism",
    "iron absorption",
    "iron storage",
    "iron excretion",
    "metal ions",
    "mammals",
    "fish",
    "arthropods",
    "plants",
    "microorganisms"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2024.03.001
PubMed: Not supplied

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