Panax ginseng Ameliorates Pituitary-Ovarian Dysfunction Induced by RF EMR from Cell Phones via

Current drug discovery technologies · 2024 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 192

Compared with controls, the RF-EMR (900 MHz) group had reduced serum LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone, lower SOD and GPx, decreased CREM gene expression, and disrupted pituitary/ovarian morphology. Panax ginseng (200 mg/kg) administered during RF-EMR expo…

Study snapshot

PublicationCurrent drug discovery technologies · 2024

Study typeanimal

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Panax ginseng Ameliorates Pituitary-Ovarian Dysfunction Induced by RF EMR from Cell Phones via Upregulation of the CREM Signaling Pathway Oyewopo OA, Badejogbin OC, Ajadi IO, Enye LA, Ajadi MB, Ebuwa IV, Owolabi OV, Areloegbe SE, Olaniyi KS. Panax ginseng Ameliorates Pituitary-Ovarian Dysfunction Induced by Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation from Cell Phones via Upregulation of the CREM Signaling Pathway. Curr Drug Discov Technol. 2024 Apr 30. doi: 10.2174/0115701638279386240425050818. Abstract Background: Panax ginseng (PG) is a plant that contains ginsenosides, which are considered adaptogens that confer cellular protection. However, the impact of PG on pituitary-ovarian dysfunction and subsequent infertility is unknown. This study investigated the hypothesis that PG would attenuate pituitary-ovarian dysfunction associated with mobile phone's Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation (RF-EMR) in experimental rat models and the possible involvement of a cAMP Response Element Modulator (CREM)-dependent pathway. Methods: Twenty adult female Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups, each consisting of five rats. The control group was administered a vehicle (distilled water) orally, while the P. ginseng group received 200 mg/kg of P. ginseng extract orally. The RF-EMR group was exposed to 900MHz radiation, and the RF-EMR + PG group was exposed to the same radiation while also being treated with 200 mg/kg of P. ginseng orally. These treatments were administered daily for a period of 56 days. Results: The RF-EMR group exhibited significant reductions in serum levels of LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone compared to the control group. Moreover, levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly lower in the RF-EMR group compared to the control. Additionally, there was a notable decrease in the expression of the CREM gene, accompanied by disrupted pituitary/ovarian morphology in the RF-EMR group compared to the control. However, the administration of PG mitigated these changes. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that P. ginseng extract shields against pituitary-ovarian impairment linked to RF-EMR exposure from cell phones by boosting antioxidant capacity and promoting the CREM-dependent pathway. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionmixed

PopulationAdult female Wistar rats

Sample size20

ExposureRF · 900 MHz · daily for 56 days

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Serum LH
Serum FSH
Serum estradiol
Serum progesterone
Superoxide dismutase (SOD)
Glutathione peroxidase (GPx)
CREM gene expression
Pituitary morphology
Ovarian morphology

Limitations

Animal model (rats); human relevance not established in abstract
Small group sizes (n=5 per group)
Specific exposure details beyond frequency (e.g., SAR, power density) not reported in abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "mobile phone",
    "frequency_mhz": 900,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "daily for 56 days"
  },
  "population": "Adult female Wistar rats",
  "sample_size": 20,
  "outcomes": [
    "Serum LH",
    "Serum FSH",
    "Serum estradiol",
    "Serum progesterone",
    "Superoxide dismutase (SOD)",
    "Glutathione peroxidase (GPx)",
    "CREM gene expression",
    "Pituitary morphology",
    "Ovarian morphology"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Compared with controls, the RF-EMR (900 MHz) group had reduced serum LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone, lower SOD and GPx, decreased CREM gene expression, and disrupted pituitary/ovarian morphology. Panax ginseng (200 mg/kg) administered during RF-EMR exposure mitigated these changes.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Animal model (rats); human relevance not established in abstract",
    "Small group sizes (n=5 per group)",
    "Specific exposure details beyond frequency (e.g., SAR, power density) not reported in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "Panax ginseng",
    "ginsenosides",
    "radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation",
    "RF-EMR",
    "mobile phone",
    "900 MHz",
    "pituitary-ovarian dysfunction",
    "infertility",
    "LH",
    "FSH",
    "estradiol",
    "progesterone",
    "oxidative stress",
    "SOD",
    "GPx",
    "CREM",
    "Wistar rats"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "mobile-phones",
      "weight": 0.9,
      "reason": "Exposure described as RF-EMR from cell phones at 900 MHz."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.2174/0115701638279386240425050818
PubMed: 38693729

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